A twice-differentiable function is convex iff its second derivative is nonnegative everywhere
Let 𝑓:(𝑎,𝑏)→ℝ be a 𝐶2differentiable function.
Then 𝑓 is convex iff 𝑓″(𝑥)≥0 for all 𝑥∈(𝑎,𝑏). #m/thm/anal
Furthermore if 𝑓″(𝑥)>0 for all 𝑥∈(𝑎,𝑏), then 𝑓 is strictly convex.