Brouwer's fixed point theorem
Let
Proof
#missing/proof Requires some more advanced topology, however a key step is defining the ray-intersection
We can then argue using the fundamental groups of the disk and sphere.
Corollaries
The retraction theorem for an
There exists no continuous retraction
, i.e. no continuous π : π» π + 1 β π π such that π . π π = i d π π
Beweis von Γquivalenz
Sei
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