Formal sums over a vector space
Let 𝑉 be a vector space over 𝕂 and 𝑉{𝑧} denote formal sums over 𝑉.
We define the 𝑧-degree operator1 #m/def/fcalc
𝐷=𝐷𝑧=𝑧𝑑𝑑𝑧,
where 𝑑𝑑𝑧 is the Formal derivative.
This is not strictly a degree operator, as 𝑉{𝑧} is not a graded vector space,
however its subspaces 𝑉[𝑧] and 𝑉[𝑧,𝑧−1] are.
Properties
Over a graded vector space
Now taking 𝑉 to be 𝕂-graded with degree operator 𝑑 ∈End𝑉, and letting
𝑣(𝑧)=∑𝑛∈𝕂𝑣𝑛𝑧𝑛∈𝑉{𝑧}𝑋(𝑧)=∑𝑛∈𝕂𝑥(𝑛)𝑧−𝑛∈(End𝑉){𝑧}
we have
𝐷𝑣(𝑧)=𝑑𝑣(𝑧)⟺(∀𝑛∈𝕂)[deg𝑣𝑛=𝑛]−𝐷𝑋(𝑧)=[𝑑,𝑋(𝑧)]⟺(∀𝑛∈𝕂)[deg𝑥(𝑛)=𝑛]
Let 𝛿(𝑧) ∈𝕂[[𝑧,𝑧−1]] denote the Formal delta. Then it follows from Properties that for any 𝑣(𝑧) ∈𝑣[𝑧,𝑧−1] and 𝑎 ∈𝕂×
𝑣(𝑧)𝐷𝛿(𝑎𝑧)=𝑣(𝑎−1)𝐷𝛿(𝑎𝑧)−(𝐷𝑣)(𝑎−1)𝛿(𝑎𝑧)
and that for any 𝑋(𝑧1,𝑧2) ∈(End𝑉)[[𝑧1,𝑧−11,𝑧2,𝑧−12]] such that lim𝑧1→𝑧2𝑋(𝑧1,𝑧2) exists and 𝑎 ∈𝕂×
𝑋(𝑧1,𝑧2)𝐷1𝛿(𝑎𝑧1/𝑧2)=𝑋(𝑎−1𝑧2,𝑧2)𝐷1𝛿(𝑎𝑧1/𝑧2)−(𝐷1𝑋)(𝑎−1𝑧2,𝑧2)𝛿(𝑎𝑧1/𝑧2)𝑋(𝑧1,𝑧2)𝐷2𝛿(𝑎𝑧1/𝑧2)=𝑋(𝑧1,𝑎𝑧1)𝐷2𝛿(𝑎𝑧1/𝑧2)−(𝐷2𝑋)(𝑧1,𝑎𝑧1)𝛿(𝑎𝑧1/𝑧2)
where 𝐷1 =𝐷𝑧1 and 𝐷2 =𝐷𝑧2.
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