Propositional logic

Truth table semantics for classical propositional logic

A classical semantics of the Formal language of propositional logic is in truth tables. Namely, each atomic proposition 𝑝 is assigned to a truth value in Ω ={,} and then we inductively define the truth value of connectives. For the unary connective we have

𝜙¬𝜙

and for the binary connectives we have

𝜙𝜓𝜙 𝜓𝜙 𝜓𝜙 𝜓𝜙 𝜓

Since every proposition evaluates to or , these semantics validate the Law of excluded middle and are thus classical.

Classification of propositions

Under truth table semantics, we classify a proposition 𝜙 as a


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